All posts by Keith

I’m a controversialist and catalyst, quietly enabling others to develop by providing different ideas and views of the world. Born in London in the early 1950s and initially trained as a research chemist I retired as a senior project manager after 35 years in the IT industry. Retirement is about community give-back and finding some equilibrium. Founder and Honorary Secretary of the Anthony Powell Society. Chairman of my GP's patient group.

Monthly Links

And so to the final 2022 edition of my monthly links to items you may have missed.


Science, Technology, Natural World

There are quite a few scientific discoveries this month, so let’s start at the bottom and work up …

Scientists have discovered what they think is the world’s longest animal off Western Australia: a 45-metre-long deep-sea siphonophore.

Also found in the deep off Madagascar, scientists have named two new species of rare six-gill sawsharks.

Female sexual anatomy is generally poorly studied in all species, and snakes are no exception. So it’s only now that scientists have discovered that female snakes have a clitoris, or two. Two articles: one from Science News, the other from The Scientist.

So what do you find in a museum cupboard? In this case the thought lost pelt and skeleton of the last Thylacine (aka. Tasmanian Tiger).

Still in Australia, a group of female cowgirls, sorry graziers, have discovered the first intact fossilised skull, and most of the body, of a 100m-year-old plesiosaur.

And still going up, scientists have now found that the Tonga volcano eruption last January was larger and more interesting than previously thought.

Finally for this section, the Guardian had a long article on the epic task of shutting down and cleaning up the Sellafield nuclear facility. [LONG READ]


Health, Medicine

Scientists are beginning to rethink their ideas about what actually causes Alzheimer’s Disease. [VERY LONG READ]

Careful scientific analysis shows that Covid vaccines can temporarily disrupt the menstrual cycle – although Covid itself doesn’t. [£££]

There’s been a huge rise in the number of girls questioning their gender identity, and the professionals don’t really understand why. [LONG READ]


Art, Literature, Language, Music

There’s now brouhaha surrounding the artist and sexual abuser Eric Gill, as Ditchling’s museum effectively chooses to totally ignore their most famous artist. (Just don’t get me started! None of this is new, his abuse has been known about for at least 50 years.)


History, Archaeology, Anthropology

The area around Stonehenge continues to throw up important archaeology. Experts have now figured out that some Neolithic stone axes were much later used as part of a goldsmith’s toolkit.

A group of researchers have discovered over 100 previously unknown designs in Peru’s ancient Nazca plain.

Archaeologists in Rutland have uncovered a barn which was converted into a Roman bathing suite (complete with steam room) for use by the house’s owners.

Yet more archaeologists, this time in Northamptonshire, have uncovered an early medieval burial with a stunning necklace. Two reports from the BBC and The Conversation.


London

The Houses of Parliament are probably hiding a medieval river wall.


Food, Drink

Are sweeteners as harmless as we thought? The jury is still out but it looks doubtful. [LONG READ]

Don’t despise the humble Brussels sprout; they contain as much vitamin C as oranges plus many other health benefits.

And while we’re on healthy food, here are six reasons why, despite popular myth, potatoes are good for you.

So microbiologists have found the ancestor of modern brewing yeast, and then discovered it living under their noses in Ireland.

Finally on food, Ali Ahmed Aslam, the inventor of chicken tikka masala, has died aged 77.


Lifestyle, Personal Development, Beliefs

Yes, I am a nudist, so what?


People

And finally for this year, here are 10 reasons why Richard Feynman was more than just a physicist.


Boxing Day Madness Generator

AS i traditionally do, once again we bring you this year’s King William’s College General Knowledge Paper 2022-23.

According to Wikipedia: Since 1904, the College has set an annual general knowledge test, known as the General Knowledge Paper (GKP). The pupils sit the test twice: once unseen on the day before the Christmas holidays, and again when they return to school in the New Year – after spending the holiday researching the answers. These days, however, pupil participation is voluntary.

The quiz is well known to be highly difficult, a common score being just two correct answers from the list of several hundred. The best scores are 40 to 50 for the unseen test and about 270 out of 360 for the second sitting.

The quiz is always introduced with the Latin motto Scire ubi aliquid invenire possis, ea demum maxima pars eruditionis est, “To know where you can find anything is, after all, the greatest part of erudition.”

You can find this year’s GKP on the King William’s College website at https://kwc.im/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Questions-2022-23-email.pdf.

As usual, at a first reading, I have fairly few clues!

December Quiz Answers

OK, so here are the answers to this month’s quiz questions. All should be able to be easily verified online.

December Quiz Questions: 17th Century England

  1. John Aubrey and John Evelyn were fellows of which organisation founded in 1660? The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, aka the Royal Society
  2. Who married the 15 year old Elisabeth Marchant de Saint Michel in December 1655? Samuel Pepys
  3. How is Matthew Hopkins (c.1620-1647) better known? Witchfinder General
  4. What discovery did William Harvey publish in 1628? The workings of the circulatory system
  5. Which influential work on political theory did Thomas Hobbes publish in 1651? Leviathan

Answers were correct when questions were compiled in late 2021.

Monthly Quotes

Our monthly selection of recently encountered quotes – and this time we have lots of short quotes.


It’s frightful that people who are so ignorant should have so much influence.
[George Orwell]


Wrong does not cease to be wrong because the majority share in it.
[Leo Tolstoy]


The highest form of knowledge is empathy, for it requires us to suspend our egos and live in another’s world.
[Plato]


Whenever one person stands up and says “Wait a minute, this is wrong”, it helps other people to do the same.
[Gloria Steinem]


Both optimists and pessimists contribute to society. The optimist invents the aeroplane, the pessimist the parachute.
[George Bernard Shaw]


You won’t learn anything if you think you know everything already. Humility is necessary for growth.
[Richard Feynman]


The thing that hath been, it is that which shall be; and that which is done is that which shall be done: and there is no new thing under the sun.
[Ecclesiastes 1:9]


The sign of intelligence is that you are constantly wondering. Idiots are always dead sure about every damn thing they are doing in their life.
[unknown]


To achieve justice without losing compassion, what’s important is to avoid doing harm. Helping sentient beings can be a source of great satisfaction. All of us, animals as well, have basic rights that we need to protect.
[Dalai Lama]


Life has no place from where it comes. It’s like putting on your pants. However, our face is solemn. Therefore it is said, the 10,000 things return to the one. Death has no place to go. It is like taking off one’s pants. However, our traces are dropped away. Therefore it is said, to where does the one return? At this very time, how is it? From the beginning, life and death do not involve each other. Offense & happiness are both empty with no place to abide.
[Eihei Dogen]


If a book told you something when you were fifteen, it will tell you it again when you’re fifty, though you may understand it so differently that it seems you’re reading a whole new book.
[Ursula K Le Guin]


If you’re resting but you’re shaming yourself for not being productive the whole time, that’s not actually rest. If you find that you’re chronically tired, this could be why.
[Iris McAlpin]


There’s a fine line between a butler and a stalker.
[unknown]


You should never he ashamed to admit you have been wrong. It only proves you are wiser today then yesterday.
[Jonathan Swift]


I think sometimes we need to take a step back and just remember we have no greater right to be here than any other animal.
[David Attenborough]


Satire is meant to ridicule power. If you are laughing at people who are hurting, it’s not satire, it’s bullying.
[Terry Pratchett]


Nobody figures out what life is all about and it doesn’t matter. Explore the world. Nearly everything is really interesting if you go into it deeply enough.
[Richard Feynman]


There is no harm in doubt and skepticism, for it is through these that new discoveries are made.
[Richard Feynman]


Book Review: Anatomical Oddities

Alice Roberts
Anatomical Oddities

Simon & Schuster; 2022

How much do you know about your insides? Most of us have an idea of how our bodies work; for some it is fairly sketchy, but for others there’s a bit more detail. But unless you’re a medic you’re unlikely to understand the minutiae and you need an anatomist to point out the nooks, crannies and curiosities.

This is where Alice Roberts comes in. She is first and foremost an anatomist, with an incredible artistic ability. So just the person to explain the idiosyncrasies of our anatomy – which this delightful book both does and doesn’t.

Every part of the human body has a name, and a story (or several). Roberts has selected just under 60 pieces of anatomy; some known to us all; some totally unseen; but all with a story of language and/or discovery. The text is concise and clear; we’re treated to one-page sketches of the people who unearthed the anatomical secrets, and the meanings of the words used to describe them; with, on the facing page, an original illustration by Roberts.

So this book is an artistic and linguistic adventure taking us on a journey to discover some hidden landscapes of our bodies. The text is more about language, the derivation of the names of things, and their discoverers, than it is about form and function. I love these explorations of the language and names, but felt slightly cheated at the frequently superficial explanation of medical function.

In this context I also felt Roberts’s lovely art needed some explanation and annotation to show exactly what we’re looking at – it’s not always obvious which part of a drawing is the structure under discussion or how it fits into its surroundings. Nonetheless Roberts’s original art is interesting: quirky and bizarre, but always beautiful.

Roberts explores the quirks of evolution which have given us the weirdest and most wonderful pieces of anatomy – most of which we’ve never heard of – in an immensely readable and well produced book. Like all her books, this is a delight.

Overall Rating: ★★★★★

Book Review: Understanding European Wines

Charlie Boston
Understanding European Wines

Charlie Boston; 2022
Ordering details on http://www.charlieboston.com/

How many clues do you have when choosing a bottle of wine in a restaurant? If you’re like most of us, not very many, which is a state of affairs Boston sets out to help you correct. As he says …

I have always had an interest in wine, especially European wine, so I decided to write this book about European Wines.


Nowadays people so often assume the best value wines come from the southern hemisphere and, whereas Australasian and South American wines are frequently very impressive, in my opinion, they do not offer better value than European wines. Furthermore, in this day and age when we should all be concerned about “carbon foot prints”, it is hard to justify importing wines from the other side of the world, particularly when the best wines are right here on our doorstep.


The aim of this book is to allow those faced with the responsibility of choosing a wine from a wine menu to make an educated choice. There is no guarantee that the wine you choose will live up to expectations, but at least you will have expectations.

There you have it in a nutshell. This is a book for the amateur enthusiast who wants something European and enjoyably drinkable, with or without a meal.

Boston started off his working life in the wine trade, so he knows what he’s talking about; and this leads to some good hints and highlights, and some equally strong opinions. He doesn’t impress easily. Many (although I’m not one of them) will no doubt disagree with him over his hatred of the over-hyped and over-fashionable Prosecco. Amongst other scything comments we are treated to:

The fact is all the finest white wine in the world is made in the Côte de Beaune and all of it is made from Chardonnay. Accordingly, anyone who likes white wine and says they do not like Chardonnay is, I’m afraid, an idiot.


Retsina is considered to be the traditional wine of Greece. It has its origins in ancient times when the pots in which the wine was matured (“amphoras”) were sealed with pine resin. Nowadays, resin from the Aleppo pine is added to the must during fermentation to produce the distinctive resinated style. It is very much an acquired taste which, in my opinion, is not worth acquiring.

Naturally enough Boston concentrates on France, with Italy, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Spain and Portugal all getting their own chapters. There is then a chapter on sparkling wines; another on pudding wines; and notes about other countries in a further chapter. I found this slightly puzzling: why give Austria and Switzerland their own chapters, but not Greece, which in my limited experience has equally as many, and as good, wines? For me, Italy and Spain produce just a much good wine as France (which still produces the very top-most wines), with the added bonus that it is usually slightly cheaper.

This is a easy and often fun read, and I found I kept turning the pages and reading the next chapter. Boston’s style is light and chatty, but informative, although I did feel it to be a little lacking in detail – I wanted to know more; but that’s not the book’s aim.

Sadly my biggest gripe is the maps. Boston provides maps of most of the major wine areas. Many are excellent, whereas others are barely readable: either with tiny type (originals too much reduced in size) or very fuzzy. That’s a shame as they are otherwise quite interesting and useful. The maps, plus the glossing over of Greece, lost the book a star.

Otherwise this is well produced and and enjoyable read with some useful tips.

Overall Rating: ★★★★☆

Ten Things: December

This year our Ten Things each month are words with particular endings. Clearly this won’t be all the words with the nominated ending, but a selection of the more interesting and/or unusual.

Ten Words ending with -ca

  1. yucca
  2. saltimbocca
  3. angelica
  4. basilica
  5. majolica
  6. wicca
  7. erotica
  8. verruca
  9. sambuca
  10. alpaca

Your challenge, if you choose to accept it, is to write a story in at most three sentences using all these words correctly. Post your attempt in the comments before the end of the month and there’s an e-drink for anyone who I consider succeeds.

December Quiz Questions

This year we’re beginning each month with five pub quiz style questions, with a different subject each month. They’re not difficult, but it is unlikely everyone will know all the answers, so hopefully you’ll learn something new, as well as have a bit of fun.

December Quiz Questions: 17th Century England

  1. John Aubrey and John Evelyn were fellows of which organisation founded in 1660?
  2. Who married the 15 year old Elisabeth Marchant de Saint Michel in December 1655?
  3. How is Matthew Hopkins (c.1620-1647) better known?
  4. What discovery did William Harvey publish in 1628?
  5. Which influential work on political theory did Thomas Hobbes publish in 1651?

Answers will be posted in 3 weeks time.