Roses

Where there’s an image, you can click it for a bigger view.

I walked round the garden this afternoon and it is absolutely awash with roses. I’ve never seen such a profuse display.

Our Lady Hillingdon, once it took off 20 years ago, is always prolific and provides flush after flush of apricot coloured roses from May until Christmas &ndash’ There are usually a couple of blooms out in Christmas Day.

The Buff Beauty did nothing for many years until we moved it under the birch tree, since when it’s gone berserk. It’s now 3-4 metres up the tree and hanging over providing swags of pale creamy yellow flowers.

One swag of Buff Beauty; about 1.5-2m long
A trio of Buff Beauty

There are dog rose suckers growing from the Buff Beauty too. They’re smothered in flowers – small, single pale pink roses – right to the top of the birch tree (higher than the house) and as much sideways. There are great weeping branches of it over our neighbour’s garden!

Dog Rose

The old roses down near the pond are also going well rambling up the trees. One is the pink Anne Boleyn; another slow starter.

Anne Boleyn

And the two climbers rambling up the supports where the apple tree was taken out are also doing well after a couple of poor years. Lots of pink-blushed white roses. One is Albrighton Rambler (see Unblogged May); although this is a newly developed rose it is of the old Bourbon style but sadly not very scented.

Albrighton Rambler
Albrighton Rambler, which fades to off-white very quickly in the warmth

There’s a standard rose down by the pond which is a hoot. For a standard it is vigorous with branches extending a good 2-3m (because we let it when it went native, rather than bother trying to prune it). It is clearly grafted at standard height (so about 1.5m) but the graft has thrown off at least two different colours of tightly double roses – some a dark purply-pink, others almost white. Heaven knows what’s been done to it, but it’s very “Alice in Wonderland”.

There are a few other roses yet to come. The small Maiden’s Blush is now out and it’s being nurtured from being neglected in a pot for some years; if the other roses are anything to go by it’ll take off in a couple of years. And there’s a pink rose also down under the birch tree which is usually also prolific. That was sold as a patio rose (so miniature) but is another that has grown naturally into a 1.5m round bush. Once it starts it usually just flowers non-stop through to the autumn – although it had an off year last year, maybe as it got cut back too hard away from the path.

If you walk down past the birch tree to the pond, especially on a nice sunny day like today, the garden is just a heady haze of rose scent, and a visual haze of roses. I have never seen them so abundant.

Moral. If you want great displays of roses, leave them alone. Don’t prune them into silly little bushes, but let them climb and ramble – after all that’s what roses do naturally.

June Quiz Questions

Again this year we’re beginning each month with five pub quiz style questions, with a different subject each month. They’re not difficult, but it is unlikely everyone will know all the answers, so hopefully you’ll learn something new, as well as have a bit of fun.

June Quiz Questions: World Geography

  1. Until 1930, what was the Turkish city of Istanbul called?
  2. What country has the most islands in the world?
  3. What is the largest desert in the world?
  4. What country is located between France and Spain?
  5. What is the smallest country in the world by area?

Answers will be posted in 2 weeks time.

Unblogged May

Where there’s an image, you can click it for a bigger view.

Mon 1 Mayday – or more traditionally the pagan Sabbat Beltane – a Pagan holiday, which is strongly associated with fertility and the beginning of summer. Beltane is a Celtic word, meaning “the fires of Bel” – probably the Celtic sun god, Belenus. The Celts used to light two bonfires because they believed it would purify them and increase their fertility; they would pass cattle between the two fires, believing it would purify the cattle, and ensure the fertility of the herd. This has now been replaced by more mundane fun like dancing round Maypoles and by Morris Men.
Tue 2 Once more the gardener cometh, and we get nothing done. Mind this was not helped by the fact that we both seem to have slept badly; and it’s already being one of those weeks. But looking at the Alder Buckthorn, which is only just beginning to show leaves, there were quite a few tiny yellow steeples: Brimstone butterfly eggs. Let’s hope the leaves open before the eggs hatch, so we have a chance of more butterflies next year.
Wed 3 Squirrels. We appear to have three baby squirrels; about half grown. They were seen this evening running around in the trees like 5-year-olds on speed. At one point all three were running full speed, nose-to-tail, along a long branch of the oak tree, just as if they were a train.
Thu 4 So I get to have new hearing aids – because yes, my hearing has deteriorated in the last 5 years. That’s not surprising: my mother had hearing aids at about my age and was stone deaf when she died at 99, and her next sister was the same; my father’s kid sister had hearing aids in her 40s! The audiologist and I opted for ones which are moulded to the shape of the ear, so I had to have impressions taken. That’s not as bad as it sounds, and definitely much much less unpleasant than dental impressions. But why does it take 6 weeks to make them? That seems crazy. I can only think its poor supplier management.
Fri 5 Today was the day we were supposed to be building our new office chairs: as expected they’d arrived flat-packed. But we didn’t. So we consoled ourselves making Coronation Terrine [which I did blog about later].
Sat 6 Coronation of King Charles III. Very wet. Flypast by only Red Arrows, disappointing. You have to feel for all the military in heavy full dress uniform, and bearskins for the guardsmen, in the pouring rain. I remember talking to the then Richmond Herald after the Queen’s Golden Jubilee, when he’d been on one of the barges in the pageant on the Thames in the pouring rain – he said it took days get get his tabard dry; and marvelling that he hadn’t caught his death of cold.
Sun 7 It started out a dull bank holiday weekend, but yay … The sun came out after lunch! The first dog rose is out – well it’s a sucker from a cultivated rose which scrambles madly up and round the silver birch tree – small single flowers in pretty pale pink with rich yellow anthers. The hawthorn is in full flower. And we knackered ourselves putting our new office chairs together.
Mon 8 Oh what a surprise! It’s bank holiday and it’s been peeing with rain almost all day. At least one of our baby squirrels (it’s about half grown) is getting more secure: this evening it came tripping along the fence and over onto the bird feeder up near the house for a good feed of peanuts. I’ve not seen more than one at a time in the last couple of days, so I know not how many we still have.
Tue 9 “Hi Ho, Hi Ho, It’s Back to Work We Go.” Well actually we never really stopped.
Wed 10 They obviously know something we don’t … About 19:00 there began a massive noise of crows. Many crows. They were flying over, going roughly East-West. I stopped and counted. They just kept coming, and I quickly got to 35. But I reckon there were at least 50; we must have had every crow for a 20 mile radius! Now they used to hold a parliament in the nearby Lombardy Poplars (though I never saw more than a couple of dozen) – but those three trees were felled a couple of years ago. An hour later there were still a few odd crows flying around (mostly going away) and calling. Boy do they make a racket en masse. And they all sound subtly different.
Thu 11 Dear God! Some neighbour has let the jackals out again. Someone not far up the road has an obviously small, very yippy canine – I think it is only one dog. When let out it does nothing but bark and yip; what at, who knows. Obviously a badly trained animal belonging to a badly trained human. Gah!
Fri 12 Guys if you’re going to turn up early with the supermarket delivery (as you did today), it would help if you texted or called to warn us, so we’re ready. Otherwise you could be kept waiting for us for 5 or 10 minutes – thus screwing your schedule.
Sat 13 It just shows how things are changing. Had a notice today that we have a couple of ISAs which mature soon. Currently they’re paying only about 1%. But roll them over for a fixed rate 2-year term and you get 4.5%. That’s a no-brainer as it’s more than most of the comparison websites are quoting as the best available rates.
Sun 14 It was lovely and sunny in the middle of the day. Going down the garden to look at the pond and all the goldfish were resting on the surface in a patch of sun. And who should blame them! We followed their example for a while, accompanied by the Rosie cat.
Mon 15 Accompanied N this afternoon to see her nephrology consultant. Another really nice guy, who listens, explains, is humane, and personable. Another that the NHS could do with many more of. And spent a nice half hour sitting in the sun, on a bench on a small area of green with wildflowers in the grass and the holly and elder in flower – spoilt only by a view of the arse-side of a 1970s brutal-ish piece of concrete architecture. hospital rearholly flowers
Tue 16 Wandering round the garden after lunch to discover the first of the rambler roses has its first bloom. It’s Albrighton Rambler; a Bourbon alike which was bred by David Austin in 2013. The flowers are fully double, medium sized and pale blush pink – although sadly it doesn’t seem to be scented. pink rambler rose
Wed 17 The pond man cometh; finally, after a couple of rearrangements. Everything cleaned over and fettled for the summer, and a load of new plants installed. Blimey he works quickly; all done in little over an hour! He says no-one’s water lilies are moving much yet (not enough sun); and he’s seen hardly any frogspawn this year, presumably due to two very cold snaps and a dry February.
Thu 18 Fairly big delivery from the Somerset Smokery (https://www.brownandforrest.co.uk/) today. Not cheap; but worth the quality. It all comes well chilled; vacuum packed; on overnight delivery; and with decent Use By dates. And it can all be frozen, so there’s a nice piece of traditionally smoked haddock in the freezer and we enjoyed another for tea tonight. Waiting in the wings there’s kippers, smoked duck breasts and a whole smoked chicken. There’ll be some good food over the next couple of weeks.
Fri 19 Eating dinner this evening and to the NE there was a picture book rainbow. No rain here, nor any sun, but both must have been nearby. Although only a small segment (maybe 30&deg.) was visible, it really was picture book: bright colours, wide, and all 7 colours discernible. It’s a long time since I’ve seen such an impressive performance. Impossible to photograph.
Sat 20 Nice surprise at the end of this morning’s PPG meeting – in person for the first time in over 3 years. A friend at the meeting, who had returned just this morning from the Bahamas, not only offered us a lift home, but gave us a small Bahamian Rum Cake. Devoured this evening with strawberries and ice-cream. Yummy! rum cake
Sun 21 Eating dinner about 20:15 (yes, late as usual) glad to see one of our foxes in the garden. I knew from the trail camera they were visiting in evening daylight. But this is I think a new one – certainly not one I’ve seen before this week on the camera. It’s quite distinctive with a circular dark mark (slightly paler centre) on its left flank. It looks very unnatural, so I’ve no idea how it may have occurred.
Mon 22 Canaan wineWho knew that the Israelis made good wine? Well of course you would if you’ve read the Bible! But today? Yes, they still make good wine. This evening we tried a bottle of Canaan, which was an odd bottle I picked up in Waitrose some while ago. And very drinkable it was too; with the slight sweetness of hock but not quite as aromatic. It went well with smoked chicken (see above). Will I try it again? At £15 a bottle, maybe. Give me 25% off then more likely.
Tue 23 Oh joy! Trip to the dentist for check-ups and hygienist. Hygienist was good, sensible and quick; which is refreshing. Saw the head man for the check-up and he’s not happy. No fillings etc. needed. But he doesn’t like the crown his young lady colleague did for me earlier in the year and insists it is redone – at their expense; again! While it’s nice not to have the cost, I did represent to him I didn’t feel this was fair given that the crown has already been replaced free of charge once. But no, he insists; he sees it as all being part of a service industry to get these things right! At the end of the day that’s between him and his young lady colleague; but I can’t think she’s going to be too happy. So another trip to the dentist in 8 weeks time.
Wed 24 Last evening there was some delightful sunset, with a widely dispersed gorgeously peachy-pink contrail running west-east. Sadly it didn’t last long. But it was followed a while later in the western sky with a lovely crescent moon and Venus shining bright at about 5 o’clock to the moon. It was great to have a super clear sky for once. pink contrail
Thu 25 It was one of those days. The gardener didn’t come – he has a “cold”; told him to test for Covid. Shed loads to do, and it just keeps coming, so not everything got done; including preparation for the talk I’m giving on Saturday afternoon. And the NHS send me a bowel cancer screening test – joy! So I ended up miserable and depressed.
Fri 26 Is it Thursday? Is it Saturday? No I’m led to believe it’s Friday. Really? But then the continuation of yesterday’s depression doesn’t help, so much so that Noreen was out for lunch and I just couldn’t make myself get out of my chair and fix myself lunch. And that is pretty much an all-time low for me.
Sat 27 This evening I finally gave my talk to the literary society: a very quick run through of all the places our hero had lived during his long life. There’s quite a bit we don’t know in detail, mainly following his father’s and then his own peripatetic life in the army. But even without that there’s a lot to cover. It seemed to go well, although it was 10 minutes longer than I’d planned. Good Q&A afterwards.
Sun 28 As usual on a Sunday, I unloaded this week’s images from the trail camera. They provided a small amusement. One evening earlier in the week Noreen had put out a bunch of pretty life-expired grapes. We know the squirrels like grapes, but would they get them? Well no, they didn’t. Who knew that foxes liked grapes too? One of our foxes was caught on camera trotting off with the whole bunch of grapes in it’s mouth!
Mon 29 The third bank holiday Monday this month; and it was a lovely sunny day, although still unenticingly windy. We need more of these. But not if they’re going to be days like this when everything conspires against one. I spent a chunk of the day interrogating Googler Maps to work out a tour round London – and swearing about the Byzantine one-way systems. Then the day culminated in Noreen’s PC resolutely refusing to talk to the printer: it could see it, but not print to it. An hour of trying to fiddle the software ended with having to do an uninstall and reinstall. And after such a day, what to do but console oneself with well stuffed smoked salmon sandwiches and extra strong G&T.
Tue 30 If anything happened, I didn’t notice.
Wed 31 I’ll leave you this month with a photograph of a ear of grass from the garden I photographed.ear of grass

Monthly Links

And so to this month’s collection of links to items you dodn’t know you din’t want to miss! Let’s start, as usual, with the tough science stuff.


Science, Technology, Natural World

Some scientists have been thinking about how life would have started and self-assembled. [LONG READ]

alien life

Turning the tables round, will we actually know alien life when we encounter it? [LONG READ]

While we decide that, how likely is it that alien life is eavesdropping on our mobile phone calls? [££££]

Staying with the cosmological … Observers have detected the largest cosmic explosion ever seen.

Meanwhile the James Webb telescope has found asteroids in the Fomalhaut star system.

And it gets weirder, as astronomers think they’ve seen live-action of a star swallowing one of its planets.

Coming back a little nearer to sanity … hare’s a look at Alan Turing and the most important machine that’s never been built. [LONG READ]

After which, riddle me this … How do you find a new species of Demon Catshark? By reading it’s eggs, of course. [££££]

But then again, genetics turns up many surprises, including the mutation which turned ants into parasites in one generation. [LONG READ]

More strangeness on genetics … it turns out strawberries have eight sets of chromosomes, which have contributed to their domestication and survival. [££££]

Deeper and deeper into plants, photosynthesis actually requires four photons to complete the transfer of sunlight into chemical energy but the details of the final step are only now coming to light. [££££]

And so back into the (almost) real world. Clever palaeontologists have been able to recover the DNA of the wearer of a 25,000-year-old pendant.


Health, Medicine

How accurate are all those old-wives tales – you know like “chocolate causes acne” and “carrots help you see in the dark”?

So just what are puberty blockers and how do they work? Side issue: should we be using them? [££££]

Medics now seem to have decided that removing just the Fallopian Tubes will significantly reduce the number of women with ovarian cancer. [££££]

Meanwhile, deciding whether to have HRT treatment for the menopause is a difficult decision for many women. [LONG READ]


Sexuality

Here’s the usual, and regular suggestion of ten ways to improve your sex life.


Environment

All the rubbish buried along the Thames estuary is coming back to the surface to bite us. Why do we think we can treat the place like a trash can? [LONG READ]

Japanese knotweed

There’s one thing you do not want in your garden (or anywhere): Japanese Knotweed. [LONG READ]


Social Sciences, Business, Law, Politics

Historian and headmaster Sir Anthony Seldon has been writing book-length report cards on British prime ministers for 40 years. His latest is on Boris Johnson, and he’s not impressed.


Art, Literature, Language, Music

Oh dear. Some of the southern Italians are upset. They’ve decides that a mermaid statue is too provocative. Judge for yourself …

mermaid statue, front

mermaid statue, rear

London’s Courtauld Gallery has released almost a million rarely seen photographs from their collections online anf free.


History, Archaeology, Anthropology

The Mediterranean keeps producing ancient shipwrecks. Now one off Sicily has been found to contain ingots of a rare alloy called orichalcum.

A look at the Port of London in Roman times.

A large Roman temple in France could have been used for the worship of many gods.

So what was the Medieval attitude to cats?


Food, Drink

Emma Beddington asks why we’re unable to give up salt – but doesn’t come up with a good answer.


Lifestyle, Personal Development, Beliefs

This is Local London website runs a series of thoughtful articles by senior school pupils on various topics. One recent such looks at attitudes to gender identity.

Here are yet another ten reasons to embrace everyday nudity.

normal nudity

normal nudity


Shock, Horror, Humour, Wow!

A study – surely a contender for an Ig Nobel Prize – has discovered that it is “barely possible to identify a beautiful scrotum“. [££££]

conker balls


Monthly Quotes

So here we are with this mo0nth’s collection of quotes. Lot’s of “sound bite” sized ones this time.


Tyrants preserve themselves by sowing fear and mistrust among the citizens by means of spies, by distracting them with foreign wars, by eliminating men of spirit who might lead a revolution, by humbling the people, and making them incapable of decisive action.
[Aristotle]


Progress is made by trial and failure; the failures are generally a hundred times more numerous than the successes; yet they are usually left unchronicled.
[William Ramsay]


The very nature of the quantum theory forces us to regard the space-time coordination and the claim of causality, the union of which characterizes the classical theories, as complementary but exclusive features of the description, symbolizing the idealization of observation and description, respectively.
[Niels Bohr]


There was no “before” the beginning of our universe, because once upon a time there was no time.
[John D Barrow]


Wisdom is not a product of schooling but of the lifelong attempt to acquire it.
[Albert Einstein]


Those who are able to see beyond the shadows and lies of their culture will never be understood let alone believed by the masses.
[Plato]


We hang petty thieves and appoint the great ones to public offices.
[Aesop]


All media exist to invest our lives with artificial perceptions and arbitrary values.
[Marshall McLuhan]


Most people are other people. Their thoughts are someone else’s opinions, their lives a mimicry, their passions a quotation.
[Oscar Wilde, De Profundis]


Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge: it is those who know little, and not those who know much, who so positively assert that this or that problem will never be solved by science.
[Charles Darwin]


A fool contributes nothing worth hearing and takes offense at everything.
[Aristotle]


Nobody is going to pour truth into your brain. It’s something you have to find out for yourself.
[Noam Chomsky]


We have also arranged things so that almost no one understands science and technology. This is a prescription for disaster. We might get away with it for a while, but sooner or later this combustible mixture of ignorance and power is going to blow up in our faces.
[Carl Sagan]


A major character in A Psalm for the Wild-Built [by Becky Chambers] is a “tea monk”, a person who bikes around the countryside, accompanied by a nature-loving robot, with the goal of making people really nice cups of tea.
[Annlee Newitz; New Scientist; 13 May 2023]


No invention – good or bad – has ever come from one individual’s brain. They always need other people’s ideas. Acknowledging all those contributors would improve the scientific process, and might help with workers’ rights too. If we want a solid plan for where we are going next, as humans and as a planet, we can’t stuff our minds with endless tales of mass destruction. We also need stories about people who do science collectively, while taking a lot of tea breaks, alongside stories about what it is like to accomplish a few constructive things despite living in civilisations that are often unjust and downright nasty. We need good science and tech, but first we need good inspiration.
[Annlee Newitz; New Scientist; 13 May 2023]


May Quiz Answers

Here are the answers to this month’s five quiz questions. If in doubt, all should be able to be easily verified online.

May Quiz Questions: Literature & Language

  1. What does the word conniption mean? A fit of rage or hysterics
  2. What is regarded as the world’s oldest language which is still spoken? Tamil
  3. Who wrote Songs of Innocence and Visions of the Daughters of Albion? William Blake
  4. Even with a small word list and simple structure it is possible to say almost anything in Basic English. How many words are in the lexicon of Basic English? 850
  5. In which play do the following lines occur?
    “A lioness hath whelped in the streets;
    And graves have yawn’d, and yielded up their dead”
    Shakespeare; Julius Caesar; Act 2, Scene 2

Answers were correct when questions were compiled in late 2022.

Does the UK need a Monarchy?

The recent death of Queen Elizabeth II and the Coronation of King Charles III has opened debate on whether the UK should have a monarch or an elected president.

This is essentially two questions: do we need a monarchy, and do we want a monarchy? And they are two very different questions. I can’t account for what people think they want – but I can point out some of the arguments.

First of all … Do we need a monarchy? Put simply, no, a monarch as head of state isn’t necessary. Many countries operate quite effectively as republics with an elected President – see France, Germany, Ireland – as head of state. What a country does need is a head of state, who is empowered (within whatever the constitution is) to make final decisions on ministers etc. and to represent the country at the highest level. The buck has to stop somewhere and, for the avoidance of factionalism, that has to reside in a single person be they a president or a monarch.

So should the UK have a monarchy? Well, just because there are more presidential republics in the world than there are monarchies, doesn’t mean they are necessarily better. Let’s look at some of the arguments.

  1. Cost. Monarchs are generally well off; presidents maybe not be so much. But in both cases the state will be paying much of the cost of maintaining the head of state. This will encompass their personal maintenance, the cost of state apartments/palaces, and duties performed as head of state (including transport and security). There are also, of course, state occasions like banquets (usually for other heads of sate) and ceremonial (like regular inaugurations, irregular coronations, opening parliament, state funerals). Whether you have a monarch or a president these costs are going to be much the same. A president will not de facto be cheaper.
    Given sufficient wealth a monarch or president may maintain their own private residence(s), staff, etc.; and this may help constrain the cost to the public purse. Monarchs, likely being wealthier, are perhaps more likely to do this.
    Result: a draw
  2. Appointment. Monarchs are in most cases hereditary, so the succession from one to the next is fairly assured, relatively smooth, relatively infrequent, and relatively low cost. The major cost is just that once in a while state funeral and coronation.
    By contrast presidents have to be elected every few years. Hence there is the cost of the regular elections and regular inaugurations. And the inaugurations may require just as much pomp and pageantry as a coronation. Additionally, past presidents are often paid huge “pensions” for life, and a country could be paying several of these concurrently – as the US currently is.
    Let’s look at this another way. Those regular presidential elections are a recipe for farce, charade, deceit and a completely overwhelming media and political circus. Just think about the US Presidential elections: do we want an unedifying circus, US-style, every four or five years? Because that’s what we would get; we have a track record of picking up bad habits from the US. We already have general elections, local elections, and in many places mayoral elections; aren’t they sufficient circuses?
    Result: win for monarchy
  3. Malfeasance. In general, these days, with constitutional monarchies the monarch doesn’t have their hands on the country’s finances. This is not the case with (a lot of) presidents. In consequence it is much easier for a president to have their hand in the till and to syphon off money etc. into their own pockets. Presidents are much more likely to become newly wealthy at the expense of the country. Another weakness of a republic is that it can afford too easy an inlet for foreign corruption.
    Of course this was not always the case and in times past many monarchs lined their own pockets via all varieties of taxation – but then in those days there was little differentiation between the state’s money and the monarch’s; something which disappeared with the separation of state and monarchy (during the 18th-century in the UK).
    In the UK, the royal family are super-wealthy, and much of that wealth has arisen via their ancestors, and not all acquired honestly. We may decry that, but whether right or wrong by our moral code, such were the “rules” of the day – and good legislation is not retrospective. But not all the royals’ money comes from their ancestors; much comes from business activity – whether that’s things like the Duchy of Cornwall or the late Queen dealing in racehorses.
    So yes, perhaps the royal family should not be so wealthy, but at least these days they have relatively little opportunity to have their hands in the till.
    Result: win for monarchy
  4. Property. Do not run away with the notion that everywhere the UK royals live is theirs. Many (most?) of the properties belong to the state (Buckingham Palace, Windsor Castle, Holyrood House, Kensington Palace), and some belong to the royal dukedoms (eg. Highgrove is owned by the Duchy of Cornwall, and hence is now under Prince William’s control but not ownership). Only a few properties are actually owned by the royal family per se: eg. Sandringham, Balmoral.
    Result: a draw
  5. Popularity. This is where having a president may be preferable. With an unpopular, inept or corrupt monarch it is almost impossible to get rid of them; although most monarchies are constitutional (or parliamentary) and the head of state can do relatively little damage. On the other hand an unpopular president can be removed at the next election; but in the meantime will often have more power to do untold damage – see events of recent years in the US.
    Result: a draw
  6. Tourism. The British Monarchy is well respected abroad, a profitable brand, and our pageantry is second to none. Which all brings in tourists – and hence money – from around the globe. This is much less likely to happen with a president: for instance, boring motorcades are much more likely than horse-drawn gilded coaches.
    Result: win for monarchy
  7. Partisanship. Most monarchs, and the late Queen was an exemplar of this, are above partisanship. Whereas presidents, almost by definition, will always be partisan. Monarchs are not involved in the day-to-day activity of government; by contrast a president is so often the head of government and has day-to-day control – so there is no-one outside government to try to see the bigger picture and provide impartial advice.
    Monarchs generally offer steady, self-effacing leadership, whereas grubby politicians come and go, they cut deals, and win elections by dividing their country.
    Result: win for monarchy

So in my estimation, a monarchy wins 4-0. But as always YMMV.


Sources

Ten Things: May

This year our Ten Things column each month is concentrating on science and scientists.

Where a group is described as “great” or “important” this is not intended to imply these necessarily the greatest or most important, but only that they are up there amongst the top flight.

Surprising Facts

  1. There are more trees on Earth than stars in galaxy
  2. Once there were 2½ billion T. rex on Earth – but not all at the same time
  3. Vanilla flavouring can be made from plastic
  4. We’ve no idea what most of the universe looks like
  5. An individual blood cell does a complete circuit of the body in under one minute
  6. Only hummingbirds can fly backwards
  7. If you removed all empty space from the atoms in your body the residue would be the size of a sugar cube
  8. Eiffel Tower is up to 15cm taller in summer
  9. Humans are one of the few species with no baculum
  10. Your spit contains your entire genetic blueprint