Hypergamy
In anthropology and ethnology …
1. A custom that forbids a woman to marry a man of lower social status.
2. Any marriage with a partner of higher social status.
According to the OED the term was first used by W Coldstream circa 1883.
Something for the Weekend
Quotes
Another in our series of interesting, thought-provoking or humorous quotes recently encountered.
The universe consists primarily of dark matter. We can’t see it, but it has an enormous gravitational force. The conscious mind — much like the visible aspect of the universe — is only a small fraction of the mental world. The dark matter of the mind, the unconscious, has the greatest psychic gravity. Disregard the dark matter of the universe and anomalies appear. Ignore the dark matter of the mind and our irrationality is inexplicable.
Joel Gold
To understand how something works, you must first understand how it got that way.
PZ Myers
So there’s the land — this real stuff we walk around on. Then there’s territory — the maps and lines we use to define the land. But then there are wars fought over where those map lines are drawn. The levels can keep building on one another, bringing people to further abstractions and disconnection from the real world. Land becomes territory; territory then becomes property that is owned. Property itself can be represented by a deed, and the deed can be mortgaged. The mortgage is itself an investment that can be bet against with a derivative, which can be secured with a credit default swap.
Douglas Rushkoff
[We wonder why the banking industry goes tits up, and the world is strewn with tribal warfare!]
We may perhaps date the beginning of modern thought from the night of January 7, 1610, when Galileo, by means of the instrument he developed [the telescope], thought he perceived new planets and new, expanded worlds.
Marjorie Nicolson
If people were meant to pop out of bed, we’d all sleep in toasters.
Cartoon cat, Garfield
So next time someone asks you whether you believe in evolution, the best answer you can give would be something like, “No, I don’t. I accept the overwhelming evidence for evolution, belief isn’t necessary.”
Found at Evolution Happens
Cuvée des Sires, usually a classic 70/30 blend of Aÿ Pinot Noir and Chardonnay, is a serious wine to be savoured; not, as Brun puts it ‘to be drunk from an actress’s shoe.’
Philippe Brun of Champagne house Roger Brun at imbibe.com
Dirt is matter out of place.
Mary Douglas
Everything is the way it is because it got that way.
D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson, On Growth and Form
We are here on Earth to fart around. Don’t let anybody tell you any different.
Kurt Vonnegut
And what is this? ‘It is a cat. It arrived. It does not appear to wish to depart.’ The cat, a feral ginger tom, flicked a serrated ear and curled up in a tighter ball. Anything that could survive in Ankh-Morpork’s alleys, with their abandoned swamp dragons, dog packs and furriers’ agents, was not about to open even one eye for a bunch of floating nightdresses.
Terry Pratchett, Thief of Time
Coming up in March
Interesting events an anniversaries in the month ahead.
4 March
Shrove Tuesday, and therefore Pancake Day. Traditionally this was the feast to eat remaining winter food stocks on the last day before the fasting of Lent. It was also the day when the penitent went to confession (hence “shrove” from “shriven”) in preparation for Lent.

Pieter Bruegel the Elder; The Fight between Carnival and Lent (detail)
5 March
The day after Shrove Tuesday is therefore Ash Wednesday, the first day of Lent.
8 March
International Women’s Day. Find out more at www.internationalwomensday.com
11 March
This day in 1984 saw the beginning of the National Miner’s Strike in which Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher defeated the Miners’ Unions and effectively killed the British coal industry.
14-23 March
National Science & Engineering Week is a ten-day national programme of science, technology, engineering and maths events and activities across the UK aimed at people of all ages. Find more at www.britishscienceassociation.org/national-science-engineering-week.
21 March
Spring (Vernal) Equinox and the pagan festival of Ēostre (which the Christian church subsumed into Easter and made a moveable feast).
21 March
Composer Modest Mussorgsky was born this day in 1839.
25 March
Lady Day or the Feast of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin. It is the first of the four traditional English quarter days when servants were hired and rents were due.
26 March
The UK Driving Test was introduced on this day in 1934.
30 March
Mothers’ Day in the UK, which is always celebrated on the fourth Sunday in Lent.
31 March
Paris’s Eiffel Tower was opened this day in 1889.
Something for the Weekend
Word: Grenade
Grenade
1. A pomegranate. (Now obsolete)
2. A small bomb or explosive missile that is detonated by a fuse and thrown by hand or shot from a rifle or launcher.
3. A glass container filled with a chemical such as tear gas that is dispersed when the container is thrown and broken.
The word is derived from the French grenade, and Spanish & Portuguese granada, a pomegranate, which the original grenades were supposed to resemble.
Hence grenadine, a syrup made from pomegranate, the island of Grenada, and the Grenadier Guards.
The OED records the first English use (with meaning 1) in 1532.
Your Interesting Links
Another round-up of links to articles you may have missed.
To state the bleeding obvious, the weather’s been terrible on both sides of the Atlantic for months. Here’s a look at why.

Rob Dunn on the interesting idea that we invented agriculture to feed our need for beer — and bread came later.
Raspberry Crazy Ants are taking over. They’re even vanquishing the dreaded Fire Ant.
Meanwhile here’s another item on the curiosity of half-siders: chimeric birds.
While on things that shouldn’t be here’s another round in the debate about the over diagnosis of breast cancer and the associated risks.
Changing tack completely, there is growing evidence that cats, dogs and indeed some other mammals have some ability to see in the ultra-violet. Two reports: here and here.
And while on cats, there is an very odd link between people who get bitten by cats and depression. Cause and effect? Well who knows.
Is it a toilet? Is it a planter? Yes it’s a PPlanter and it grows bamboo! Not a new idea, but perhaps a more practical version than previous attempts.
I’d never really though about the ways in which religions can be science-friendly, because generally I think religions aren’t science-friendly. However here’s a suggestion that Buddhism is the most science friendly religion. (Well that assumes Buddhism is a religion, which strictly it isn’t.)
On religion, some scientists have suggested that the image on the Turin Shroud may have been created by an earthquake in 33AD.
Here’s a long, and emotional, read on the ghosts afflicting the survivors of the Fukushima tsunami. Not safe for bedtime reading.
We’ve all seen coloured squiggles and lines on pavements … here’s something about what they mean.
You all probably know this, but I didn’t … An American High School English teacher of my acquaintance has a useful take on understanding Shakespeare.
After which it’s all downhill …
A young lady at America’s Duke University does porn acting to pay for university — and why shouldn’t she if she wants to? Here’s her story on why and what it means for her.
Does equality kill sex? It seems it might.

Can couples really get stuck together during sex?
And finally one to ponder … cannabis flavoured condoms.
Oddity of the Week: Freelance
Sir Walter Scott coined the word “freelance” in Ivanhoe, using it to refer to a mercenary knight with no allegiance to one particular country and who instead offers his services for money.
From ‘A’ to ‘ampersand’, English is a wonderfully curious language; Guardian; 15/02/2014
Weekly Photograph
In this week’s photograph you get four for the price of one.
Four shots of the same tiny insect. It was probably a member of the Braconidae, possibly Apanteles glomeratus or as the body looks “waisted” one of the Ichneumonidae. Head and body about the size of a British black ant (so around 4-5mm?). Antennae and ovipositor are each roughly the same length as the body. Legs definitely reddish. It liked walking about (it was quick too) making it quite a challenge to photograph.

Ichneumon Fly?
Greenford; July 2009
Something for the Weekend
We’ve not had a Dilbert for a while, so time to rectify that …
