Word: Wassail

Wassail
1. A salutation used when presenting a cup of wine to a guest, or drinking the health of a person (to which the correct reply is “drink-hail”) and thus by extension any general salutation.
2. The liquor in which healths were drunk and particularly the spiced ale used in Twelfth Night and Christmas Eve celebrations.
  
3. A custom observed on Twelfth Night and New Year’s Eve of drinking healths from the wassail-bowl and hence a carousal or riotous festivity.
4. A carol or drinking song sung by wassailers.
5. To drink to the health of fruit-trees, cattle etc. in wassail, in order to ensure their thriving — hence the tradition of wassailing apple trees.


According to the OED the word is first recorded in Geoffrey of Monmouth circa 1140. It derives from the Old Norse ves heill via the Old English wes hál, literally ‘be in good health’ or ‘be fortunate’ and the Middle English wæs hæil.

Advent Calendar 23

An Advent Calendar
Some of Favourite Images from Other Photographers on Flickr

Click the image for larger views on Flickr and details of the photographer

Note that this image is not mine and is copyright the original photographer
who may be identified by following the link to Flickr

Weekly Photograph

This week a current photograph! On Saturday we took the trip to Norwich to see my aged mother and driving across Thetford Chase in the early morning, low winter sun the bare trees, the pine trees and the bright green of the winter wheat etc. in the fields looked magnificent. This shot was take from the passenger seat of the moving car (hence it isn’t absolutely pin sharp) somewhere on the A11 around Thetford Chase. What a delightful row of trees in sunlight but against a dark grey sky!

Click the image for larger views on Flickr
Thetford Trees
Thetford Trees
Thetford Chase; December 2014

Advent Calendar 22

An Advent Calendar
Some of Favourite Images from Other Photographers on Flickr

Click the image for larger views on Flickr and details of the photographer
dachshund and pinscher
Note that this image is not mine and is copyright the original photographer
who may be identified by following the link to Flickr

Advent Calendar 21

An Advent Calendar
Some of Favourite Images from Other Photographers on Flickr

Click the image for larger views on Flickr and details of the photographer
English Herbaceous Borders | Nymans Garden, West Sussex, England
Note that this image is not mine and is copyright the original photographer
who may be identified by following the link to Flickr

Advent Calendar 20

An Advent Calendar
Some of Favourite Images from Other Photographers on Flickr

Click the image for larger views on Flickr and details of the photographer
The Blusher Mushroom (Amanita rubescens)
Note that this image is not mine and is copyright the original photographer
who may be identified by following the link to Flickr

Advent Calendar 19

An Advent Calendar
Some of Favourite Images from Other Photographers on Flickr

Click the image for larger views on Flickr and details of the photographer
Female Allen's Hummingbird - Huntington Central Park
Note that this image is not mine and is copyright the original photographer
who may be identified by following the link to Flickr

Quotes

Another selection of recently encountered bon mots.
The only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. Over himself, over his own body and mind, the individual is sovereign.
[John Stuart Mill, On Liberty]
We cannot expect to be protected against things which offend us but do us no actual harm.
[John Stuart Mill]
I CHOOSE
To live by choice, not by chance,
To be motivated, not manipulated,
To be useful, not used,
To make changes, not excuses,
To excel, not compete.
I choose self-esteem, not self-pity,
I choose to listen to my inner voice,
not to the random opinions of others.

[American Indian]
I have been really rather horrified by the fact … that people have begun to think that perhaps succeeding in politics is a matter of putting your hand into the taxpayers’ pockets and redistributing wealth. It is not. Succeeding in polities is, as I said when I started, enlarging-up liberty, enlarging-up the people, giving the incentives to success, giving the framework for that success and the task of Government strictly limited.
[Margaret Thatcher]
Mr Ives’ style is sadly familiar here … at any rate in households where the baby or the cat has access to the piano.
[Percy Goetschius, on the music of Charles Ives, in the journal Music & Letters]
Why waste time learning when ignorance is instantaneous.
[Calvin & Hobbes at www.gocomics.com/calvinandhobbes/2014/11/20/
Without deviation progress is not possible.
[Frank Zappa]
I have noticed even people who claim everything is predestined, and that we can do nothing to change it, look before they cross the road.
[Stephen Hawking]
We live in capitalism, its power seems inescapable — but then, so did the divine right of kings.
[Ursula Le Guin]
Be like water making its way through cracks. Do not be assertive, but adjust to the object, and you shall find a way round or through it.
[Bruce Lee]
I have always been of the opinion that hard work is simply the refuge of people who have nothing to do.
[Oscar Wilde]
I’m not lost for I know where I am. But however, where I am may be lost.
[AA Milne, Winnie-the-Pooh]
Lu-Tze had long considered that everything happens for a reason, except possibly football.
[Terry Pratchett, Thief of Time]

Advent Calendar 18

An Advent Calendar
Some of Favourite Images from Other Photographers on Flickr

Click the image for larger views on Flickr and details of the photographer
DSCF1890
Note that this image is not mine and is copyright the original photographer
who may be identified by following the link to Flickr