People in the UK, and especially the South-East, are asked to be especially alert for the presence of yellow-legged Asian Hornets (Vespa velutina), following a record number of sightings last year.
These hornets are invasive and a major predator of honeybees. They’re slightly smaller than our native European Hornet (Vespa crabo) but about twice the size of a common wasp or honeybee (see below). Over the last decade or so they’ve spread across mainland Europe from an original accidental introduction in the south of France.
As the graphic shows, the Asian Hornets are dark coloured, with a broad yellow/orange band across the fourth abdominal section, and yellow lower legs. I’ve only ever seen a mounted display specimen but I was struck by the dark colour. By contrast European Hornets are slightly larger, more likely to be brown rather than black, with much more yellow on their abdomen and dark legs; they look more like an oversized common wasp.
Unless their nest is disturbed, Asian Hornets are not normally aggressive to people. However they are prolific and invasive; which with their ability to predate honeybees and wipe out complete hives, makes them a serious pest. They find beehives and pick off the workers as they come and go; I’ve seen it estimated that a single Asian Hornet can catch and kill 50 honeybees a day! They have few, if any, natural predators in Europe.
If you think you’ve seen one, you must report it via the Asian Hornet Wasp app (available for both Apple and Android smartphones) or online via the UK CEH Non-Native Species Alert website. If possible try to get a photograph of the insect. If you can safely capture the offender so much the better – emphasis on your safety. But please do not go killing any captured insect unless you are very sure you have an Asian Hornet.
Note that these are not the so-called “Murder Hornets”, the Asian Giant Hornet (Vespa mandarinia), which have recently invaded the NW USA. Vespa mandarinia are larger, even more alien-looking, equally as predatory and much more aggressive.
Find more on Vespa velutina at:
Defra Asian Hornet Sightings page
NNSS Alerts page
EU LIFE Programme
Wikipedia.